Netball: obstruction

The Super Shot has created a strategic dilemma that every shooter faces multiple times per quarter: take the two-goal attempt from range, or work the ball closer for a higher-percentage standard shot?

The answer isn't always obvious. The wrong decision - in either direction - costs goals. The best shooters develop a framework for making this choice under pressure, quickly and consistently.

The Expected Value Calculation

At its simplest, shot selection is a maths problem. Expected value equals probability of success multiplied by reward.

Super Shot example: A 50% shooter from the Super Shot zone has an expected value of 1.0 goals per attempt (0.5 x 2).

Standard shot example: An 85% shooter from under the post has an expected value of 0.85 goals per attempt (0.85 x 1).

In this scenario, the Super Shot is mathematically superior despite the lower percentage. The threshold varies by shooter, but generally: if your Super Shot percentage exceeds 42.5% of your standard percentage, the Super Shot has higher expected value.

Beyond the Maths

Pure expected value ignores important context. Several factors should influence shot selection:

Game State

Down by 6 with 2 minutes left? Aggressive Super Shot hunting is necessary - you need multiple two-goal swings to catch up. Up by 4 with 90 seconds remaining? Conservative standard shots protect the lead without gifting turnovers.

Time on the Clock

Early in Power 5, there's time to work the ball and create better opportunities. With 30 seconds left, a clean Super Shot look might be your last chance to score twice.

Defender Position

A Super Shot with no defender pressure is different from one with hands in your face. Read the defence before committing to range.

Rebounding Setup

If your GA is well-positioned for an offensive rebound, a Super Shot miss has a safety net. If not, the turnover risk increases.

The Decision Framework

Train your shooters to ask three questions before every shot during Power 5:

1. Am I balanced? A rushed or off-balance Super Shot rarely goes in. If you're not set, work closer or reset the attack.

2. What's the defence giving me? Tight defence at the edge suggests working inside. A defender who sags offers a cleaner Super Shot look.

3. What does the game need? Does the scoreboard demand risk, or reward patience? Make the decision that serves the team, not your stats.

Recognising Good vs Bad Super Shot Opportunities

Good Super Shot opportunity:

  • Clean catch in the zone with time to set
  • Defender more than arm's length away
  • Balanced stance, comfortable body position
  • Support positioned for potential rebound

Bad Super Shot opportunity:

  • Catching on the move or off-balance
  • Tight defensive pressure on the release
  • Rushed attempt with defender closing
  • No rebound support, high turnover risk

Training Shot Selection

Decision drills. Coach feeds ball to shooter in Super Shot zone with varied defensive pressure. Shooter must call "shot" or "work" instantly. Rewards for correct decisions based on pre-defined criteria.

Game state scenarios. Set up specific situations - down 4 with 1 minute left, up 2 with 3 minutes remaining - and let shooters practice decision-making in context.

Video review. Analyse Super Shot attempts from training and matches. Was the decision correct? Was the execution the problem, or the choice?

Team-Level Strategy

Shot selection shouldn't be purely individual. Teams should develop guidelines:

  • Which shooter has the best Super Shot percentage? She gets priority on long-range attempts.
  • At what score margin do we become aggressive/conservative with Super Shots?
  • When do we deliberately work for Super Shot opportunities vs standard shots?

These guidelines reduce decision burden on individuals and create consistency across the team.

The Discipline to Pass Up Shots

Perhaps the hardest skill is passing up a Super Shot opportunity that looks tempting but isn't optimal. Shooters are trained to shoot - resisting that instinct requires discipline.

Frame it positively: passing up a 35% Super Shot for an 80% standard shot isn't weakness - it's smart netball. The best shooters have the confidence to decline bad opportunities.

Evolving Your Approach

Track your shooters' conversion rates from different zones. The data should inform decision-making. If a shooter converts 60% from range, she should be hunting Super Shots. If she's at 30%, she should be more selective.

This data also helps opponents scout you. Vary your approach to remain unpredictable while staying within expected value guidelines.

Shot selection in the Super Shot era is a skill that separates good shooters from great ones. Train it deliberately, review it constantly, and trust the framework when the pressure is on.

Where to Go Next

Ready to improve your shooters' technique and decision-making? Explore our shooting drills and session plans:

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obstruction ANSWERS
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Is it obstruction if the shooter steps in?

When a shooter steps in when taking a shot the defender does not have to move. Is this rule still current or have they changed it because on saturdays game my defenders were not moving when the shooter stepped in but they were being pulled for obstruction every time. Also if the shooter steps in and you keep your feet still but move your arm is this still obstruction?

niki Coach, Australia

This weekend I got called for obstruction and stepping. Anyone have any pivoting tips?

On the weekend i got pull up alot for obstruction and stepping mostly because i dont know how to pivot. Any tips?

Archived User Coach

Obstruction or not obstruction

My teams are getting a bit older now and watching ANZ challenge and Aus NZ games the way the defenders defend or block has certainly changed. The defenders now have their backs to the attackers arms out wide what we used to say was airplane arms which would be picked up as obstrution. In the circle the defender is between goal and player at the edge still with back to the player and side shuffles with arms out wide blocking the shooter moving into the circle.  Is this not obstruction or are they doing something that does not constitute an obstruction call. Netball is certainly changing quickly in the way it is played

Archived User Coach

Defenders marking split landings

How does a defender know where to judge her 3 foot defensive stance when shooters opt for a simultaneous split landing?

Val williams Coach, England

Umpiring question obstruction in circle

If a shooter, say GS, is shooting, marked by GK, is the other shooter GA allowed to stand with her arms up under the net (within a metre of GD) while the shooter prepares to take the shot, or can she only raise her arms for the rebound once the shooter has shot? Or is it obstruction GA on GD?

Ione Brown Coach, England

Shooting options on tall goal defenders

How can GS and GA help each other in circle when defenders are tall, intimidating and high contact (ie putting hand on ball when setting up to shoot, putting hand over face). Can GA stand between GS and GK to give GS a clearer shot?

DYC Netball Coach, Australia

Obstruction in the Circle

Tonight we played a team where the GD stood right in front of the GS or GA. He had his back to the shooter(with the ball), he didn't put up an arm but he stood so close (without touching) that the shooter couldn't get any leverage with her shot. If the shooter stepped back he shuffled with her. The umpires didn't pull it up at all. Is this allowed or do they have to be three feet away? Any feedback would be much appreciated, I would just like to know if this is allowed or is it obstruction? Thanks

Lizzie Walsh Coach, New Zealand

Defender falling in on the shooter

If the defender falls in while defending the shooter, is that obstruction? If they fall in and duck down they are still moving into the 3ft zone....

michelle goan Coach, Australia

Can a shooter step forward after obstruction

Shooter is about to shoot and obstruction is called. Defender moves to the side. Is the shooter allowed to step in once step?

Kylie Mitchell Coach, Australia

Netball Umpiring

Hi,I'm 12 and a senior netball player for my school team. I am learning how to umpire but my teacher is giving me a hard time saying I'm not a good umpire and that the other girls have done years of practice of umpiring unlike me. I just have to ask what's obstruction? I get all the umpire rules but obstruction. Please help as I am umpiring in a few days for a netball game and it's the first game I am umpiring.

Phoebe Victoria Hope Nyah Cudby Coach, New Zealand

Obstruction rules

Is it obstruction if the defending player is standing next to the person in possession of the ball with their arms down ie. not attempting to defend or intercept the ball whilst mid-court? There is a lot of mixed messaging from umpires around this rule, particularly if it occurs within goals with some umpires saying as long as you're not putting your hands up to defend the ball or standing in front of them then it is not obstruction to then being called obstruction in instances decribed above.

Nicole Coach, Australia

Obstruction step in

Are you allowed to take a step in when your defender has been called for obstruction?

Kanchana Yuvaraj Coach, United Kingdom

Defending while player is shooting.

Hello want to clear someone up. If GS is taking a shot is GK able to stand directly in front of them (less than 3 feet) but with their arms down or is that considered as obstruction?

Rachael Coach, Australia

obstruction

how can defender defend if she is in correct distance?

Joachim Komba Coach, United Kingdom

Not behind the line for a centre pass

Hey quick questionIf the WD or GD are attempting to block the WA or GA from entering the goal third prior to a centre pass would you call obstruction or delaying play. Asking for a friend as this happened to their team.

Sarah Webb Coach, United Kingdom

Obstruction in GD

Hi I play walking netball and often GD, when the GA is shooting l defend the ball 3ft away but then the shooter steps in between us faces me , she is very close and l then get penalised for obstruction .I'm not sure what the rules are here, it would be good to understand where l am going wrong

Lyn Brocklehurst Coach, England

Obstruction or not obstruction...

My teams are getting a bit older now and watching ANZ challenge and Aus NZ games the way the defenders defend or block has certainly changed. The defenders now have their backs to the attackers arms out wide what we used to say was airplane arms which would be picked up as obstrution. In the circle the defender is between goal and player at the edge still with back to the player and side shuffles with arms out wide blocking the shooter moving into the circle.  Is this not obstruction or are they doing something that does not constitute an obstruction call. Netball is certainly changing quickly in the way it is played

Archived User Coach

Is it obstruction if the shoot...

When a shooter steps in when taking a shot the defender does not have to move. Is this rule still current or have they changed it because on saturdays game my defenders were not moving when the shooter stepped in but they were being pulled for obstruction every time. Also if the shooter steps in and you keep your feet still but move your arm is this still obstruction?

niki Coach, Australia

Obstructing player with back t...

I am a coach and an umpire, but i have been doing more coaching than umpiring of late. I have noticed a particular peculiarity with regards to the obstruction rule that i have seen more and more than i really do not think is correct. I have politely challenged asking the umpires concerned and also a second opinion from another umpire and they agree with me.We have had a defending player who is standing less than a foot away with her back to the person shooting with her arms up who is clearly interfering with the shot. The explanation i was given by the umpire that let this go unchallenged said that as long as the player can bring her arms up to shoot that is ok.My argument is that if a side or goal line pass is taken and the defending player has her back to the playing taking the pass then that shouldn't be challenged either.I agree that sometimes when the shot is under the post it is difficult to get 3 feet or with covid rules 4 feet away. But a lot of shooter follow there shoot through before releasing the ball, and when this is impeded sure all of these things constitute obstruction.Please help me, because although i am pretty confident that i am right and this umpire, and a number of other umpires i have noticed are doing the same. Can i please have feedback.

Maria Massey Coach, England

Obstruction in the Circle | Sp...

Tonight we played a team where the GD stood right in front of the GS or GA. He had his back to the shooter(with the ball), he didn't put up an arm but he stood so close (without touching) that the shooter couldn't get any leverage with her shot. If the shooter stepped back he shuffled with her. The umpires didn't pull it up at all. Is this allowed or do they have to be three feet away? Any feedback would be much appreciated, I would just like to know if this is allowed or is it obstruction? Thanks

Lizzie Walsh Coach, New Zealand

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